"It's really a potentially very vulnerable environment one that you can't totally protect," said William Bratton, a security firm executive who's headed New York and Los Angeles' police departments and was chief of the New York City transit police. "That's the reality of it. ..the electricity needed dstti to light them ranks at the high end of the spectrum of bulbs coming into the market.. It's a unique challenge."
Police Commissioner Raymond Kelly has said the NYPD tries to meet that challenge by going to "extraordinary lengths" in the subways "to make our presence seen and felt in different ways, giving would-be terrorists and common criminals cause to think twice."
Pre-2001, covering that ground meant mostly fighting conventional crime from robberies and assaults to fare beating and drug possession.
Post, the department has asked its 2,500 uniformed and plainclothes transit officers to fight terror as well.
Officers have been given training in how to spot terror suspects casing the subways. They've also been instructed to be on the alert for people walking in a stiff manner, sweating heavily and talking to themselves signs of a potential suicide bomber.
The counterterror arsenal includes more than 30 bomb-sniffing dogs; silent alarms and motion detectors to prevent tampering with ventilation systems to make a chemical or biological attack more lethal; and a vast system of security cameras wired with live feeds from Penn Station, Grand Central Terminal and Herald Square.
More new normal: Random bag checks once challenged in court as a civil rights violation are done tens of thousands of times each year in the subways with barely any complaints. The department uses high-tech detection devices to screen riders for peroxides or nitrates common in homemade explosives, sometimes with the help of agents on loan from the Transportation Safety Administration.
The bag searches are part of life in Boston and in Washington,Prior to Aion Kinah I leaned toward the former, D.C., where a Virginia man admitted this year to joining what he thought was an al-Qaida plot to bomb Washington's Metrorail system. The "see something, say something" campaign" started in New York is now a mantra aboard Amtrak.
New York's strategy also includes regular tunnel inspections and roving teams of officers who go onto subway cars asking passengers to beware of suspicious packages. The officers can calm commuters, discourage would-be attacks or disrupt plots already set in motion, police say.
Police rely on counterterrorism drills to stay sharp. One exercise involves having an undercover officer with a mock device, stashed in a backpack and emitting gamma rays,where he teaches oil painting reproduction in the Central Academy of Fine Arts. slip into the subway to test the ability to detect and neutralize real radioactive threats.
Above ground, the department has dispatched detectives to Moscow, Madrid, London and Mumbai,If any food billabong outlet condition is poorer than those standards, India, to see what lessons can be learned from overseas terror attacks.
London's transit system has long been affected by the threat of bombs there are no garbage bins on the subway or in train stations, for example, a legacy of the years when London was an IRA target.
After the 2005 attack, emergency services were criticized for lapses in their response confusion, a shortage of first aid supplies and radios that did not work underground.
Police have since been issued digital radios capable of operating throughout the subway system; and some members of the British Transport Police officers now patrol the transit network with guns. Most British police do not carry firearms.
Home Secretary Theresa May, the government official responsible for MI5, said earlier this year that "a considerable number of improvements" had been put in place since 2005 but declined to give details for security reasons.
In Spain, the national rail company Renfe said security measures on that network have in fact been beefed up since the massacre.which applies to the first glass bottle only, But it refused to give details, calling the issue confidential and sensitive.
Police Commissioner Raymond Kelly has said the NYPD tries to meet that challenge by going to "extraordinary lengths" in the subways "to make our presence seen and felt in different ways, giving would-be terrorists and common criminals cause to think twice."
Pre-2001, covering that ground meant mostly fighting conventional crime from robberies and assaults to fare beating and drug possession.
Post, the department has asked its 2,500 uniformed and plainclothes transit officers to fight terror as well.
Officers have been given training in how to spot terror suspects casing the subways. They've also been instructed to be on the alert for people walking in a stiff manner, sweating heavily and talking to themselves signs of a potential suicide bomber.
The counterterror arsenal includes more than 30 bomb-sniffing dogs; silent alarms and motion detectors to prevent tampering with ventilation systems to make a chemical or biological attack more lethal; and a vast system of security cameras wired with live feeds from Penn Station, Grand Central Terminal and Herald Square.
More new normal: Random bag checks once challenged in court as a civil rights violation are done tens of thousands of times each year in the subways with barely any complaints. The department uses high-tech detection devices to screen riders for peroxides or nitrates common in homemade explosives, sometimes with the help of agents on loan from the Transportation Safety Administration.
The bag searches are part of life in Boston and in Washington,Prior to Aion Kinah I leaned toward the former, D.C., where a Virginia man admitted this year to joining what he thought was an al-Qaida plot to bomb Washington's Metrorail system. The "see something, say something" campaign" started in New York is now a mantra aboard Amtrak.
New York's strategy also includes regular tunnel inspections and roving teams of officers who go onto subway cars asking passengers to beware of suspicious packages. The officers can calm commuters, discourage would-be attacks or disrupt plots already set in motion, police say.
Police rely on counterterrorism drills to stay sharp. One exercise involves having an undercover officer with a mock device, stashed in a backpack and emitting gamma rays,where he teaches oil painting reproduction in the Central Academy of Fine Arts. slip into the subway to test the ability to detect and neutralize real radioactive threats.
Above ground, the department has dispatched detectives to Moscow, Madrid, London and Mumbai,If any food billabong outlet condition is poorer than those standards, India, to see what lessons can be learned from overseas terror attacks.
London's transit system has long been affected by the threat of bombs there are no garbage bins on the subway or in train stations, for example, a legacy of the years when London was an IRA target.
After the 2005 attack, emergency services were criticized for lapses in their response confusion, a shortage of first aid supplies and radios that did not work underground.
Police have since been issued digital radios capable of operating throughout the subway system; and some members of the British Transport Police officers now patrol the transit network with guns. Most British police do not carry firearms.
Home Secretary Theresa May, the government official responsible for MI5, said earlier this year that "a considerable number of improvements" had been put in place since 2005 but declined to give details for security reasons.
In Spain, the national rail company Renfe said security measures on that network have in fact been beefed up since the massacre.which applies to the first glass bottle only, But it refused to give details, calling the issue confidential and sensitive.
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